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Surgical Retractor Guides

Surgical Retractors Names, Images & Uses

Autor: Saad Shahid · Aktualisiert · 7 Min. Lesezeit

Surgical retractors names, images and uses
A selection of handheld retractors, blades and frame components from the Retractor Maker range.

Surgical retractors hold tissue away from the operative field so the surgical team can see and reach the area they are working on. This guide explains what retractors are, how they are classified, and how they are selected and cared for, and it includes a searchable reference table of surgical retractors names, images and general uses drawn directly from the Retractor Maker catalogue.

What Is a Retractor?

A retractor holds skin, fat, muscle, and organs away from the target area to provide controlled surgical exposure. Almost every open procedure depends on this access before the surgeon can dissect, repair, or close. Retractors are among the oldest surgical instrument families and remain among the most frequently handled instruments on any tray.

Retractors share a purpose but differ in size, blade shape and depth, prong number and sharpness, and handle design. Some lock in place or mount on a frame. Designs also vary by specialty. A small double-ended retractor for a skin flap differs greatly from a table-mounted abdominal system. No single design suits every procedure.

This guide covers basic categories, selection factors, and general care principles. Its central section lists names, images, and general uses for the complete published Retractor Maker range. Search the range by name or filter it by specialty.

Contents

What Is a Surgical Retractor?

A surgical retractor holds back or moves tissue away from the operative field to give the surgical team visibility and access. Retraction may involve gently lifting a skin edge or holding the abdominal wall open throughout an operation.

Retractors create exposure by moving tissue laterally to widen an incision or holding deeper structures away from the treatment area. These structures may include bowel, muscle, or an organ lobe. Blade or prong shape determines how the load spreads across contacted tissue. Available forms include flat, curved, lipped, malleable, toothed, and smooth blades.

Size and shape follow anatomy. A shallow hand incision needs a short, narrow blade. A deep pelvic or abdominal field needs a longer, wider blade. Specialty designs address each region's depth, angle, and tissue type. Nasal and ear retractors are small and fine. Spinal retractors hold back heavy paraspinal muscle. Cardiac retractors are shaped around the sternum and chest wall.

How Do Handheld Retractors Work?

Handheld retractors are positioned and held manually by a surgeon or assistant for as long as exposure is needed. They allow moment-by-moment changes in angle, depth, and tension as the operation progresses. The trade-off is continuous manual holding, which occupies a pair of hands and can cause fatigue during a long case.

Common handheld patterns include the double-ended Senn retractor for superficial tissue and the curved Deaver retractor for deeper abdominal and thoracic exposure. Others include the right-angled Langenbeck retractor, the broad Richardson retractor for the abdominal wall, and the double-ended Army-Navy retractor for shallow incisions. The small Ragnell retractor is used in plastic and hand surgery.

How Do Self-Retaining Retractors Work?

Self-retaining retractors use a ratchet, screw, spring, or frame to keep blades in position without continuous manual holding. They free the surgical team's hands and provide steady exposure. If the required view changes, manual repositioning is usually necessary.

Examples include the Gelpi and Weitlaner retractors, which spread tissue with pointed tips or toothed rakes secured by a ratchet. The Balfour retractor is a frame-style abdominal retractor with lateral blades and a centre blade. Table-mounted Bookwalter and Thompson retractors attach to the operating table and support multiple adjustable blades around a ring or rail.

Retractor Names, Images, and General Uses

The table below presents the complete Retractor Maker product catalogue. Each entry includes a product image, name, and general use. Search by product name or filter by specialty.

Anzeige von 507 chirurgischen Retraktoren

Acetabular-Wundhaken, schmal, zwei Zinken by Retractor MakerAcetabular-Wundhaken, schmal, zwei ZinkenSpeziell entwickelt zur Freilegung des Acetabulumrandes und zur Verdrängung des umliegenden Gewebes bei Hüftrekonstruktionen und Arthroplastik-Eingriffen.
Verstellbarer Mayfield-Adapter by Retractor MakerVerstellbarer Mayfield-AdapterSpeziell entwickelt für die sichere Montage von Mayfield-Kopfhalterungssystemen an OP-Tischen, die keine integrierten Aufnahmebohrungen besitzen oder eine laterale Versatzpositionierung erfordern.
Adson Cerebellum Wundsperrer by Retractor MakerAdson Cerebellum WundsperrerSpeziell entwickelt für die selbsthaltende Muskel- und Weichteilretraktion bei neurochirurgischen Eingriffen an der posterioren Schädelgrube.
Adson selbsthaltender Zerebellar-Retraktor by Retractor MakerAdson selbsthaltender Zerebellar-RetraktorSpeziell entwickelt für die selbsthaltende Geweberetraktion und die Aufrechterhaltung einer strukturierten chirurgischen Exposition bei kranialen und spinalen Eingriffen.
Alar-Retraktor by Retractor MakerAlar-RetraktorSpeziell entwickelt für die Nasenflügel-Retraktion und die Darstellung der Flügelknorpel bei Rhinoplastiken und HNO-Eingriffen.
Allison Lungenspatel by Retractor MakerAllison LungenspatelEntwickelt zur atraumatischen Kompression und Verlagerung des Lungenparenchyms während thoraxchirurgischer und kardiovaskulärer Eingriffe.
Allport Mastoid-Retraktor by Retractor MakerAllport Mastoid-RetraktorSpeziell entwickelt für die selbsthaltende Weichteilretraktion über dem Processus mastoideus während otologischer und neurochirurgischer Eingriffe.
ALM Wundsperrer, selbsthaltend by Retractor MakerALM Wundsperrer, selbsthaltendSpeziell entwickelt für die selbsthaltende Gewberetraktion bei kleinchirurgischen, ophthalmologischen, plastischen und handchirurgischen Eingriffen.
Ambidextrous Self-Retaining Retractors by Retractor MakerAmbidextrous Self-Retaining RetractorsSpeziell entwickelt für die reversible, freihändige Weichteilretraktion, bedienbar von beiden Seiten des sterilen Feldes.
Anderson Bear Claw Retraktor by Retractor MakerAnderson Bear Claw RetraktorSpeziell entwickelt für die sichere kutane Traktion, Hautlappenhebung und Weichteilretraktion in der plastischen und rekonstruktiven Chirurgie.
Anderson-Adson selbsthaltender Kleinhirnspreizer by Retractor MakerAnderson-Adson selbsthaltender KleinhirnspreizerSpeziell entwickelt für die selbsthaltende Muskel- und Geweberetraktion bei neurochirurgischen Eingriffen an der hinteren Schädelgrube und im subokzipitalen Bereich.
Anterior Femoral Condylar Retractor by Retractor MakerAnterior Femoral Condylar RetractorSpeziell entwickelt zur Freilegung der anterioren Femurkondylen und Retraktion des Streckapparates während der Knietotalendoprothetik.
Anterior Femoral Neck Anteromedial Rim Retractor by Retractor MakerAnterior Femoral Neck Anteromedial Rim RetractorSpeziell entwickelt zur Freilegung des anterioren Schenkelhalses und des anteromedialen Randes bei Hüftendoprothetik und Femurkopfosteotomie.
Anterolateraler Acetabulumrand-Hebel by Retractor MakerAnterolateraler Acetabulumrand-HebelSpeziell entwickelt zur Freilegung des anterolateralen Acetabulumrandes und zur Verdrängung des umgebenden Weichteilgewebes während der Hüftarthroplastik.
AORI Patellar-Retraktor by Retractor MakerAORI Patellar-RetraktorSpeziell entwickelt für die Retraktion und Eversion der Patella bei primären und Revisionseingriffen der Knie-Totalendoprothetik.
APC Hüftwundhaken by Retractor MakerAPC HüftwundhakenSpeziell entwickelt für die Freilegung des Acetabulumrandes und des Schenkelhalses bei der Hüftendoprothetik und rekonstruktiven Chirurgie.
Army-Navy Wundhaken-Set (2-teilig) by Retractor MakerArmy-Navy Wundhaken-Set (2-teilig)Zur manuellen Retraktion von Weichteilgewebe und Wundrändern in oberflächlichen und intermediären Operationsfeldern.
Arnett Le Fort Oberlippenhaken by Retractor MakerArnett Le Fort OberlippenhakenSpeziell entwickelt zur Elevation und zum Schutz der Oberlippe und der vestibulären Mukosa bei Le-Fort-Osteotomien und orthognathen Eingriffen.
Aufricht Daniel Nasenhaken by Retractor MakerAufricht Daniel NasenhakenSpeziell entwickelt zur Elevation des Haut-Weichteil-Mantels des Nasenrückens bei der ästhetischen und rekonstruktiven Rhinoplastik.
Aufricht Nasen-Retraktor by Retractor MakerAufricht Nasen-RetraktorSpeziell entwickelt zur Anhebung von Nasenhautlappen und zur Aufrechterhaltung einer klaren Sicht auf den Nasenrücken während Rhinoplastik-Eingriffen.
Aufricht Nasal Retractor - Fiber Optic by Retractor MakerAufricht Nasal Retractor - Fiber OpticSpeziell entwickelt für die beleuchtete Weichteilretraktion und Exposition des Nasenrückens bei der Rhinoplastik und rekonstruktiven Nasenchirurgie.
Aufricht Walter Nasen-Wundhaken by Retractor MakerAufricht Walter Nasen-WundhakenSpeziell entwickelt für die doppelendige Weichteilretraktion und die Elevation von Schleimhautlappen bei der Rhinoplastik und Nasenrekonstruktion.
Austin Gewebe- und Wangenretraktor by Retractor MakerAustin Gewebe- und WangenretraktorSpeziell entwickelt für die Retraktion von Wangen, Lippen und Mukoperiostlappen bei intraoralen, mund-kiefer-gesichtschirurgischen und dentalchirurgischen Eingriffen.
Awty Kondylenhals-Retraktor by Retractor MakerAwty Kondylenhals-RetraktorSpeziell entwickelt zur Freilegung und zum Schutz des Collum mandibulae bei orthognathen und traumatologischen Osteotomien.
B-Z Retraktor by Retractor MakerB-Z RetraktorSpeziell entwickelt für die selbsthaltende Retraktion von tiefem Weichteilgewebe und paraspinaler Muskulatur in der Orthopädie, Wirbelsäulenchirurgie und Beckenchirurgie.

How Do You Choose a Surgical Retractor?

Retractor selection is a clinical decision for the surgical team and facility. The factors below are commonly considered when building trays or specifying instruments. They are general considerations, not recommendations for a particular patient or procedure.

Which Designs Suit the Surgical Application?

The procedure and specialty narrow the choice first. An abdominal case, spinal fusion, and rhinoplasty require entirely different instrument families. Many patterns were developed for a specific type of operation.

How Does Anatomical Location Affect Selection?

The location and depth of the operative field determine blade length, handle angle, and overall size. Deep fields need longer blades and handles that keep the assistant's hand out of the line of sight. Superficial fields need short, light instruments.

Which Blade Size and Shape Are Needed?

Blade width and depth should match the tissue being held. Flat, curved, lipped, and malleable blades retract tissue differently. Toothed rakes and sharp prongs grip skin and fascia. Smooth, blunt blades are used where tissue should not be punctured.

Handheld or Self-Retaining: Which Design Fits?

A handheld retractor offers continuous, adjustable control but occupies an assistant. A self-retaining retractor provides steady exposure and frees hands, but is less easily adjusted. It must also suit the wound's depth and shape. Many procedures use both designs.

How Much Exposure Is Required?

Selection depends on the width, depth, and direction of the required view. Wide incisions may need multiple blades pulling in several directions. A narrow approach may need one deep blade or a tubular retractor.

Do You Need a Complete System or Individual Instruments?

Some procedures require complete retractor systems; others need only individual handheld retractors. Systems may include a frame or ring, table post, clamps, arms, blades, and accessories. When ordering, confirm the included components and which blades are compatible with an existing frame. Request a quote for a complete retractor system.

How Should Reusable Retractors Be Maintained and Sterilized?

Reusable retractors should be handled, cleaned, inspected, sterilized, and stored according to the applicable manufacturer's instructions for use (IFU) and the healthcare facility's approved procedures. Proper maintenance and reprocessing are important.

General maintenance considerations include:

  • Clean instruments after use according to the applicable manufacturer's instructions.
  • Pay particular attention to joints, hinges, ratchets, locks, and other moving components.
  • Inspect retractors for visible contamination, corrosion, cracks, deformation, or mechanical damage.
  • Check that moving components function properly before returning instruments to service.
  • Ensure instruments are appropriately cleaned before sterilization.
  • Follow the manufacturer's specified sterilization method and parameters.
  • Allow processed instruments to dry appropriately before storage.
  • Store clean, processed instruments in a suitable environment that protects against contamination and damage.

Do not apply a universal sterilization cycle to every surgical retractor. Requirements vary with the instrument, material, design, and manufacturer's instructions.

For Retractor Maker products, follow the applicable product documentation and the healthcare facility's validated reprocessing procedures.

Download the full product catalogue for offline reference. Get the Retractor Maker catalogue.

For pricing and lead time, send our team the product name, quantity, and destination country. Enquiries can cover a specific surgical retractor, complete retractor system, replacement blade, or custom configuration. Contact Retractor Maker.

Klinischer Hinweis: Dieser Leitfaden richtet sich an OP-Teams und Krankenhauseinkäufer. Befolgen Sie vor dem klinischen Einsatz stets die Gebrauchsanweisung (IFU) des Herstellers und die Sterilisationsvorgaben Ihres Krankenhauses.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

What is a surgical retractor?

A surgical retractor holds back tissue, organs, or wound edges to provide access and visibility to the surgical field. Retraction can range from lifting a skin edge to holding the abdominal wall open throughout an operation.

What are retractors used for?

Retractors maintain or improve operative exposure by moving or holding tissue away from the area being accessed. They can widen an incision by displacing tissue laterally or hold deeper structures, such as bowel, muscle, or an organ lobe, away from the treatment area.

What are the main types of surgical retractors?

Retractors include handheld designs, self-retaining designs, and larger frame-based systems. Their designs vary with the intended application and required exposure. Handheld designs require manual holding, while self-retaining designs use a mechanism to maintain blade position without continuous manual support.

What is the difference between a handheld and self-retaining retractor?

A handheld retractor is positioned and held manually, while a self-retaining retractor maintains its position through a retaining mechanism. Manual holding allows continuous changes in angle, depth, and tension. Self-retaining designs free hands but usually need manual repositioning when the required view changes.

Are retractors reusable?

Many retractors are designed for reuse, but reusability and reprocessing requirements depend on the specific product. Follow the applicable manufacturer's IFU and healthcare facility procedures for handling, cleaning, inspection, sterilization, and storage rather than assuming all products have the same requirements.

How should retractors be sterilized?

Retractors should be cleaned and sterilized according to the applicable manufacturer's instructions and the healthcare facility's approved, validated reprocessing procedures. Do not assume one sterilization cycle applies to every retractor. Requirements can vary with material, design, and product-specific instructions.

Where can I find surgical retractor names and images?

Retractor Maker's surgical retractor catalogue is a product reference containing names, images, and product information across its range of surgical retractors. The table in this article includes the complete published catalogue, covering the products in that range.

How do I choose the right surgical retractor?

Choosing a surgical retractor depends on the intended surgical application, anatomical area, required exposure, design, dimensions, and other product-specific requirements. Qualified surgical professionals should determine which surgical retractor is appropriate for the intended application, considering these selection requirements.

What is a Deaver retractor used for?

A Deaver retractor is a curved handheld retractor used for deeper abdominal and thoracic exposure. The surgeon or an assistant positions and holds the Deaver retractor manually, adjusting its angle, depth, and tension as the operation progresses.

How does a Balfour retractor differ from a Bookwalter retractor?

A Balfour retractor is a frame-style abdominal retractor, while a Bookwalter retractor is a table-mounted system. The Balfour retractor has lateral blades and a centre blade. The Bookwalter retractor carries multiple adjustable blades around a ring or rail. Both are self-retaining retractors that maintain blade position without someone holding them continuously.

What should be checked when inspecting a reusable surgical retractor?

A reusable surgical retractor should be inspected for visible contamination, corrosion, cracks, deformation, and mechanical damage. Check moving components for proper function before returning the surgical retractor to service. During cleaning, pay particular attention to joints, hinges, ratchets, locks, and other moving parts.

Über den Autor

Saad Shahid · Vertriebs- und Marketingleiter

Saad Shahid ist Vertriebs- und Marketingleiter sowie Gründer von Retractor Maker, das 2023 in Sialkot, Pakistan, gegründet wurde. Außerdem arbeitet er mit seinem Vater bei Hospitech Traders, dem 1989 gegründeten Familienunternehmen für chirurgische Instrumente.

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