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Surgical Retractor Guides

Surgical Retractors Names, Images & Uses

著者: Saad Shahid · 更新日 · 7 分で読めます

Surgical retractors names, images and uses
A selection of handheld retractors, blades and frame components from the Retractor Maker range.

Surgical retractors hold tissue away from the operative field so the surgical team can see and reach the area they are working on. This guide explains what retractors are, how they are classified, and how they are selected and cared for, and it includes a searchable reference table of surgical retractors names, images and general uses drawn directly from the Retractor Maker catalogue.

What Is a Retractor?

A retractor holds skin, fat, muscle, and organs away from the target area to provide controlled surgical exposure. Almost every open procedure depends on this access before the surgeon can dissect, repair, or close. Retractors are among the oldest surgical instrument families and remain among the most frequently handled instruments on any tray.

Retractors share a purpose but differ in size, blade shape and depth, prong number and sharpness, and handle design. Some lock in place or mount on a frame. Designs also vary by specialty. A small double-ended retractor for a skin flap differs greatly from a table-mounted abdominal system. No single design suits every procedure.

This guide covers basic categories, selection factors, and general care principles. Its central section lists names, images, and general uses for the complete published Retractor Maker range. Search the range by name or filter it by specialty.

Contents

What Is a Surgical Retractor?

A surgical retractor holds back or moves tissue away from the operative field to give the surgical team visibility and access. Retraction may involve gently lifting a skin edge or holding the abdominal wall open throughout an operation.

Retractors create exposure by moving tissue laterally to widen an incision or holding deeper structures away from the treatment area. These structures may include bowel, muscle, or an organ lobe. Blade or prong shape determines how the load spreads across contacted tissue. Available forms include flat, curved, lipped, malleable, toothed, and smooth blades.

Size and shape follow anatomy. A shallow hand incision needs a short, narrow blade. A deep pelvic or abdominal field needs a longer, wider blade. Specialty designs address each region's depth, angle, and tissue type. Nasal and ear retractors are small and fine. Spinal retractors hold back heavy paraspinal muscle. Cardiac retractors are shaped around the sternum and chest wall.

How Do Handheld Retractors Work?

Handheld retractors are positioned and held manually by a surgeon or assistant for as long as exposure is needed. They allow moment-by-moment changes in angle, depth, and tension as the operation progresses. The trade-off is continuous manual holding, which occupies a pair of hands and can cause fatigue during a long case.

Common handheld patterns include the double-ended Senn retractor for superficial tissue and the curved Deaver retractor for deeper abdominal and thoracic exposure. Others include the right-angled Langenbeck retractor, the broad Richardson retractor for the abdominal wall, and the double-ended Army-Navy retractor for shallow incisions. The small Ragnell retractor is used in plastic and hand surgery.

How Do Self-Retaining Retractors Work?

Self-retaining retractors use a ratchet, screw, spring, or frame to keep blades in position without continuous manual holding. They free the surgical team's hands and provide steady exposure. If the required view changes, manual repositioning is usually necessary.

Examples include the Gelpi and Weitlaner retractors, which spread tissue with pointed tips or toothed rakes secured by a ratchet. The Balfour retractor is a frame-style abdominal retractor with lateral blades and a centre blade. Table-mounted Bookwalter and Thompson retractors attach to the operating table and support multiple adjustable blades around a ring or rail.

Retractor Names, Images, and General Uses

The table below presents the complete Retractor Maker product catalogue. Each entry includes a product image, name, and general use. Search by product name or filter by specialty.

表示中: 507 手術用開創器

臼蓋鉤 ナロー・ダブルプロング by Retractor Maker臼蓋鉤 ナロー・ダブルプロング股関節再建術および関節置換術において、臼蓋縁の露出および周囲組織の圧排に使用されます。
可変式 Mayfield アダプター by Retractor Maker可変式 Mayfield アダプター専用のレセプタクルホールがない手術台や、横方向のオフセット位置調整が必要な手術台において、Mayfield 型の頭蓋固定システムを確実に固定するために特別に設計されています。
Adson Cerebellum Retractor by Retractor MakerAdson Cerebellum Retractor後頭蓋窩および脳神経外科手術において、筋肉や軟部組織の自動牽引を提供するために設計されています。
Adson 自保持式小脳開創器 by Retractor MakerAdson 自保持式小脳開創器頭蓋および脊椎手術において、自保持式の組織牽引を提供し、構造化された術野露出を維持するために特別に設計されています。
Alar レトラクター(鼻翼鉤) by Retractor MakerAlar レトラクター(鼻翼鉤)鼻形成術および耳鼻咽喉科手術における鼻翼の牽引および鼻翼軟骨の術野展開。
Allison 肺開胸開創器 by Retractor MakerAllison 肺開胸開創器胸部および心臓血管外科手術において、肺実質を愛護的に圧排・変位させるために使用します。
Allport Mastoid Retractor by Retractor MakerAllport Mastoid Retractor耳科および脳神経外科手術において、乳様突起上の軟部組織を自己保持して開創するために特別に設計されています。
ALM 開創器(自動保持式) by Retractor MakerALM 開創器(自動保持式)小外科、眼科、形成外科、および手外科手術における組織の自動保持式開創用に設計されています。
Ambidextrous Self-Retaining Retractors by Retractor MakerAmbidextrous Self-Retaining Retractors滅菌術野の左右どちらからでも操作可能な、リバーシブルでハンズフリーの軟部組織開創を提供するために設計されています。
Anderson Bear Claw リトラクター by Retractor MakerAnderson Bear Claw リトラクター形成外科および再建外科における確実な皮膚牽引、皮弁挙上、および軟部組織の牽引のために特別に設計されています。
Anderson-Adson 開創器 後頭窩用 自保持式 by Retractor MakerAnderson-Adson 開創器 後頭窩用 自保持式後頭蓋窩および後頭下脳神経外科手術における、自保持式の筋肉および組織牽引用として特別に設計されています。
大腿骨前方顆部レトラクター by Retractor Maker大腿骨前方顆部レトラクター人工膝関節置換術において、大腿骨前方顆部を露出し、伸展機構を牽引するために特別に設計されています。
大腿骨頸部前方・前内側縁開創器 by Retractor Maker大腿骨頸部前方・前内側縁開創器人工股関節置換術および大腿骨頭骨切り術において、大腿骨頸部前方および前内側縁を露出させるために特別に設計されています。
前外側アセタブラー・リム・レトラクター by Retractor Maker前外側アセタブラー・リム・レトラクター股関節形成術において、前外側の寛骨臼縁を露出させ、周囲の軟部組織を圧排するために特別に設計されています。
AORI 膝蓋骨レトラクター by Retractor MakerAORI 膝蓋骨レトラクター初回および再置換人工膝関節全置換術において、膝蓋骨の牽引および翻転を行うために特別に設計されています。
APC ヒップレトラクター by Retractor MakerAPC ヒップレトラクター人工股関節全置換術および再建術における寛骨臼縁および大腿骨頸部の術野展開。
Army-Navy 開創器 2本セット by Retractor MakerArmy-Navy 開創器 2本セット表層および中間層の手術野における軟部組織および創縁の手動牽引用。
Arnett Le Fort 上唇レトラクター by Retractor MakerArnett Le Fort 上唇レトラクターLe Fort 骨切り術および顎矯正手術において、上唇および前庭粘膜を挙上・保護するために設計されています。
Aufricht Daniel 鼻レトラクター by Retractor MakerAufricht Daniel 鼻レトラクター美容および再建鼻形成術において、鼻背の皮膚・軟部組織を挙上するために使用されます。
Aufricht 鼻レトラクター by Retractor MakerAufricht 鼻レトラクター鼻形成術において、鼻腔皮弁の挙上および鼻背の明確な視認性を維持するために特別に設計されています。
Aufricht Nasal Retractor - Fiber Optic by Retractor MakerAufricht Nasal Retractor - Fiber Optic鼻形成術および鼻部再建手術において、軟部組織の牽引と鼻背側の術野確保、および照明の提供を目的に設計されています。
Aufricht Walter 鼻レトラクター by Retractor MakerAufricht Walter 鼻レトラクター鼻形成術および鼻再建術における両頭での軟部組織の牽引および粘膜フラップの挙上専用設計。
Austin 組織・頬牽引器 by Retractor MakerAustin 組織・頬牽引器口腔内、顎顔面、および歯科手術における頬、唇、および粘膜骨膜弁の牽引に特化して設計されています。
Awty 下顎頭頚部レトラクター by Retractor MakerAwty 下顎頭頚部レトラクター顎矯正手術や外傷骨切り術において、下顎頭頚部を術野展開し保護するために特別に設計されています。
B-Z 開創器 by Retractor MakerB-Z 開創器整形外科、脊椎、および骨盤手術における自己保持型の深部軟部組織および傍脊柱筋の牽引用に特別に設計されています。

How Do You Choose a Surgical Retractor?

Retractor selection is a clinical decision for the surgical team and facility. The factors below are commonly considered when building trays or specifying instruments. They are general considerations, not recommendations for a particular patient or procedure.

Which Designs Suit the Surgical Application?

The procedure and specialty narrow the choice first. An abdominal case, spinal fusion, and rhinoplasty require entirely different instrument families. Many patterns were developed for a specific type of operation.

How Does Anatomical Location Affect Selection?

The location and depth of the operative field determine blade length, handle angle, and overall size. Deep fields need longer blades and handles that keep the assistant's hand out of the line of sight. Superficial fields need short, light instruments.

Which Blade Size and Shape Are Needed?

Blade width and depth should match the tissue being held. Flat, curved, lipped, and malleable blades retract tissue differently. Toothed rakes and sharp prongs grip skin and fascia. Smooth, blunt blades are used where tissue should not be punctured.

Handheld or Self-Retaining: Which Design Fits?

A handheld retractor offers continuous, adjustable control but occupies an assistant. A self-retaining retractor provides steady exposure and frees hands, but is less easily adjusted. It must also suit the wound's depth and shape. Many procedures use both designs.

How Much Exposure Is Required?

Selection depends on the width, depth, and direction of the required view. Wide incisions may need multiple blades pulling in several directions. A narrow approach may need one deep blade or a tubular retractor.

Do You Need a Complete System or Individual Instruments?

Some procedures require complete retractor systems; others need only individual handheld retractors. Systems may include a frame or ring, table post, clamps, arms, blades, and accessories. When ordering, confirm the included components and which blades are compatible with an existing frame. Request a quote for a complete retractor system.

How Should Reusable Retractors Be Maintained and Sterilized?

Reusable retractors should be handled, cleaned, inspected, sterilized, and stored according to the applicable manufacturer's instructions for use (IFU) and the healthcare facility's approved procedures. Proper maintenance and reprocessing are important.

General maintenance considerations include:

  • Clean instruments after use according to the applicable manufacturer's instructions.
  • Pay particular attention to joints, hinges, ratchets, locks, and other moving components.
  • Inspect retractors for visible contamination, corrosion, cracks, deformation, or mechanical damage.
  • Check that moving components function properly before returning instruments to service.
  • Ensure instruments are appropriately cleaned before sterilization.
  • Follow the manufacturer's specified sterilization method and parameters.
  • Allow processed instruments to dry appropriately before storage.
  • Store clean, processed instruments in a suitable environment that protects against contamination and damage.

Do not apply a universal sterilization cycle to every surgical retractor. Requirements vary with the instrument, material, design, and manufacturer's instructions.

For Retractor Maker products, follow the applicable product documentation and the healthcare facility's validated reprocessing procedures.

Download the full product catalogue for offline reference. Get the Retractor Maker catalogue.

For pricing and lead time, send our team the product name, quantity, and destination country. Enquiries can cover a specific surgical retractor, complete retractor system, replacement blade, or custom configuration. Contact Retractor Maker.

臨床上の注意:本ガイドは手術チームおよび病院の購買担当者向けです。臨床使用の前に、必ず製造元の取扱説明書(IFU)と院内の滅菌規定に従ってください。

よくある質問

What is a surgical retractor?

A surgical retractor holds back tissue, organs, or wound edges to provide access and visibility to the surgical field. Retraction can range from lifting a skin edge to holding the abdominal wall open throughout an operation.

What are retractors used for?

Retractors maintain or improve operative exposure by moving or holding tissue away from the area being accessed. They can widen an incision by displacing tissue laterally or hold deeper structures, such as bowel, muscle, or an organ lobe, away from the treatment area.

What are the main types of surgical retractors?

Retractors include handheld designs, self-retaining designs, and larger frame-based systems. Their designs vary with the intended application and required exposure. Handheld designs require manual holding, while self-retaining designs use a mechanism to maintain blade position without continuous manual support.

What is the difference between a handheld and self-retaining retractor?

A handheld retractor is positioned and held manually, while a self-retaining retractor maintains its position through a retaining mechanism. Manual holding allows continuous changes in angle, depth, and tension. Self-retaining designs free hands but usually need manual repositioning when the required view changes.

Are retractors reusable?

Many retractors are designed for reuse, but reusability and reprocessing requirements depend on the specific product. Follow the applicable manufacturer's IFU and healthcare facility procedures for handling, cleaning, inspection, sterilization, and storage rather than assuming all products have the same requirements.

How should retractors be sterilized?

Retractors should be cleaned and sterilized according to the applicable manufacturer's instructions and the healthcare facility's approved, validated reprocessing procedures. Do not assume one sterilization cycle applies to every retractor. Requirements can vary with material, design, and product-specific instructions.

Where can I find surgical retractor names and images?

Retractor Maker's surgical retractor catalogue is a product reference containing names, images, and product information across its range of surgical retractors. The table in this article includes the complete published catalogue, covering the products in that range.

How do I choose the right surgical retractor?

Choosing a surgical retractor depends on the intended surgical application, anatomical area, required exposure, design, dimensions, and other product-specific requirements. Qualified surgical professionals should determine which surgical retractor is appropriate for the intended application, considering these selection requirements.

What is a Deaver retractor used for?

A Deaver retractor is a curved handheld retractor used for deeper abdominal and thoracic exposure. The surgeon or an assistant positions and holds the Deaver retractor manually, adjusting its angle, depth, and tension as the operation progresses.

How does a Balfour retractor differ from a Bookwalter retractor?

A Balfour retractor is a frame-style abdominal retractor, while a Bookwalter retractor is a table-mounted system. The Balfour retractor has lateral blades and a centre blade. The Bookwalter retractor carries multiple adjustable blades around a ring or rail. Both are self-retaining retractors that maintain blade position without someone holding them continuously.

What should be checked when inspecting a reusable surgical retractor?

A reusable surgical retractor should be inspected for visible contamination, corrosion, cracks, deformation, and mechanical damage. Check moving components for proper function before returning the surgical retractor to service. During cleaning, pay particular attention to joints, hinges, ratchets, locks, and other moving parts.

著者について

Saad Shahid · 営業・マーケティングマネージャー

Saad Shahid は、2023年にパキスタン・シアルコートで創業した Retractor Maker の創業者であり、営業・マーケティングマネージャーです。1989年創業の家族経営の手術器具会社 Hospitech Traders でも父とともに働いています。

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