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Surgical Retractor Guides

Surgical Retractors Names, Images & Uses

Author: Saad Shahid · Updated · 7 min read

Surgical retractors names, images and uses
A selection of handheld retractors, blades and frame components from the Retractor Maker range.

Surgical retractors hold tissue away from the operative field so the surgical team can see and reach the area they are working on. This guide explains what retractors are, how they are classified, and how they are selected and cared for, and it includes a searchable reference table of surgical retractors names, images and general uses drawn directly from the Retractor Maker catalogue.

What Is a Retractor?

A retractor holds skin, fat, muscle, and organs away from the target area to provide controlled surgical exposure. Almost every open procedure depends on this access before the surgeon can dissect, repair, or close. Retractors are among the oldest surgical instrument families and remain among the most frequently handled instruments on any tray.

Retractors share a purpose but differ in size, blade shape and depth, prong number and sharpness, and handle design. Some lock in place or mount on a frame. Designs also vary by specialty. A small double-ended retractor for a skin flap differs greatly from a table-mounted abdominal system. No single design suits every procedure.

This guide covers basic categories, selection factors, and general care principles. Its central section lists names, images, and general uses for the complete published Retractor Maker range. Search the range by name or filter it by specialty.

Contents

What Is a Surgical Retractor?

A surgical retractor holds back or moves tissue away from the operative field to give the surgical team visibility and access. Retraction may involve gently lifting a skin edge or holding the abdominal wall open throughout an operation.

Retractors create exposure by moving tissue laterally to widen an incision or holding deeper structures away from the treatment area. These structures may include bowel, muscle, or an organ lobe. Blade or prong shape determines how the load spreads across contacted tissue. Available forms include flat, curved, lipped, malleable, toothed, and smooth blades.

Size and shape follow anatomy. A shallow hand incision needs a short, narrow blade. A deep pelvic or abdominal field needs a longer, wider blade. Specialty designs address each region's depth, angle, and tissue type. Nasal and ear retractors are small and fine. Spinal retractors hold back heavy paraspinal muscle. Cardiac retractors are shaped around the sternum and chest wall.

How Do Handheld Retractors Work?

Handheld retractors are positioned and held manually by a surgeon or assistant for as long as exposure is needed. They allow moment-by-moment changes in angle, depth, and tension as the operation progresses. The trade-off is continuous manual holding, which occupies a pair of hands and can cause fatigue during a long case.

Common handheld patterns include the double-ended Senn retractor for superficial tissue and the curved Deaver retractor for deeper abdominal and thoracic exposure. Others include the right-angled Langenbeck retractor, the broad Richardson retractor for the abdominal wall, and the double-ended Army-Navy retractor for shallow incisions. The small Ragnell retractor is used in plastic and hand surgery.

How Do Self-Retaining Retractors Work?

Self-retaining retractors use a ratchet, screw, spring, or frame to keep blades in position without continuous manual holding. They free the surgical team's hands and provide steady exposure. If the required view changes, manual repositioning is usually necessary.

Examples include the Gelpi and Weitlaner retractors, which spread tissue with pointed tips or toothed rakes secured by a ratchet. The Balfour retractor is a frame-style abdominal retractor with lateral blades and a centre blade. Table-mounted Bookwalter and Thompson retractors attach to the operating table and support multiple adjustable blades around a ring or rail.

Retractor Names, Images, and General Uses

The table below presents the complete Retractor Maker product catalogue. Each entry includes a product image, name, and general use. Search by product name or filter by specialty.

Showing 507 surgical retractors

Acetabular Retractor Narrow Double Prong by Retractor MakerAcetabular Retractor Narrow Double ProngSpecifically designed to expose the acetabular rim and displace surrounding tissues during hip reconstruction and arthroplasty procedures.
Adjustable Mayfield Adaptor by Retractor MakerAdjustable Mayfield AdaptorSpecifically engineered to securely mount Mayfield-style cranial fixation systems onto operating tables that lack built-in receptacle holes or require lateral offset positioning.
Adson Cerebellum Retractor by Retractor MakerAdson Cerebellum RetractorSpecifically designed to provide self-retaining muscle and soft-tissue retraction during posterior cranial fossa and neurosurgical procedures.
Adson Self-Retaining Cerebellar Retractor by Retractor MakerAdson Self-Retaining Cerebellar RetractorSpecifically designed to provide self-retaining tissue retraction and maintain structured surgical exposure during cranial and spinal procedures.
Alar Retractor by Retractor MakerAlar RetractorSpecifically designed for nasal wing retraction and alar cartilage exposure during rhinoplasty and ENT procedures.
Allison Lung Retractor by Retractor MakerAllison Lung RetractorDesigned to depress and displace pulmonary parenchyma atraumatically during thoracic and cardiovascular surgical interventions.
Allport Mastoid Retractor by Retractor MakerAllport Mastoid RetractorSpecifically engineered to provide self-retaining soft-tissue retraction over the mastoid process during otologic and neurosurgical procedures.
ALM Self Retaining Retractor by Retractor MakerALM Self Retaining RetractorSpecifically designed to provide self-retaining tissue retraction during minor surgical, ophthalmic, plastic, and hand procedures.
Ambidextrous Self-Retaining Retractors by Retractor MakerAmbidextrous Self-Retaining RetractorsSpecifically designed to provide reversible, hands-free soft tissue retraction operable from either side of the sterile field.
Anderson Bear Claw Retractor by Retractor MakerAnderson Bear Claw RetractorSpecifically engineered for firm cutaneous traction, skin flap elevation, and soft-tissue retraction during plastic and reconstructive surgery.
Anderson-Adson Self-Retaining Cerebellar Retractor by Retractor MakerAnderson-Adson Self-Retaining Cerebellar RetractorSpecifically designed to provide self-retaining muscle and tissue retraction during posterior cranial fossa and suboccipital neurosurgical procedures.
Anterior Femoral Condylar Retractor by Retractor MakerAnterior Femoral Condylar RetractorSpecifically designed to expose the anterior femoral condyles and retract the extensor mechanism during total knee arthroplasty.
Anterior Femoral Neck Anteromedial Rim Retractor by Retractor MakerAnterior Femoral Neck Anteromedial Rim RetractorSpecifically designed to expose the anterior femoral neck and anteromedial rim during hip arthroplasty and femoral head osteotomy.
Anterolateral Acetabular Rim Retractor by Retractor MakerAnterolateral Acetabular Rim RetractorSpecifically designed to expose the anterolateral acetabular rim and displace surrounding soft tissues during hip arthroplasty.
AORI Patellar Retractor by Retractor MakerAORI Patellar RetractorSpecifically engineered to retract and evert the patella during primary and revision total knee arthroplasty procedures.
APC Hip Retractor by Retractor MakerAPC Hip RetractorSpecifically designed to expose the acetabular margin and femoral neck during hip arthroplasty and reconstructive surgery.
Army-Navy Retractor-Set of Two by Retractor MakerArmy-Navy Retractor-Set of TwoDesigned to provide manual soft-tissue and wound margin retraction across superficial and intermediate operative fields.
Arnett Le Fort Upper Lip Retractor by Retractor MakerArnett Le Fort Upper Lip RetractorSpecifically designed to elevate and protect the upper lip and vestibular mucosa during Le Fort osteotomies and orthognathic surgery.
Aufricht Daniel Nasal Retractor by Retractor MakerAufricht Daniel Nasal RetractorSpecifically designed to elevate the nasal dorsal skin-soft tissue envelope during aesthetic and reconstructive rhinoplasty.
Aufricht Nasal Retractor by Retractor MakerAufricht Nasal RetractorSpecifically engineered to elevate nasal cutaneous flaps and maintain clear visualization of the nasal bridge during rhinoplasty procedures.
Aufricht Nasal Retractor - Fiber Optic by Retractor MakerAufricht Nasal Retractor - Fiber OpticSpecifically designed to provide illuminated soft-tissue retraction and dorsal exposure during rhinoplasty and reconstructive nasal surgery.
Aufricht Walter Nasal Retractor by Retractor MakerAufricht Walter Nasal RetractorSpecifically designed to provide double-ended soft-tissue retraction and mucosal flap elevation during rhinoplasty and nasal reconstruction.
Austin Tissue and Cheek Retractor by Retractor MakerAustin Tissue and Cheek RetractorSpecifically designed to retract the cheeks, lips, and mucoperiosteal flaps during intraoral, maxillofacial, and dental surgical procedures.
Awty Condylar Neck Retractor by Retractor MakerAwty Condylar Neck RetractorSpecifically engineered to expose and protect the mandibular condylar neck during orthognathic and trauma osteotomies.
B-Z Retractor by Retractor MakerB-Z RetractorSpecifically designed to provide self-retaining deep soft-tissue and paraspinal muscle retraction during orthopedic, spine, and pelvic surgery.

How Do You Choose a Surgical Retractor?

Retractor selection is a clinical decision for the surgical team and facility. The factors below are commonly considered when building trays or specifying instruments. They are general considerations, not recommendations for a particular patient or procedure.

Which Designs Suit the Surgical Application?

The procedure and specialty narrow the choice first. An abdominal case, spinal fusion, and rhinoplasty require entirely different instrument families. Many patterns were developed for a specific type of operation.

How Does Anatomical Location Affect Selection?

The location and depth of the operative field determine blade length, handle angle, and overall size. Deep fields need longer blades and handles that keep the assistant's hand out of the line of sight. Superficial fields need short, light instruments.

Which Blade Size and Shape Are Needed?

Blade width and depth should match the tissue being held. Flat, curved, lipped, and malleable blades retract tissue differently. Toothed rakes and sharp prongs grip skin and fascia. Smooth, blunt blades are used where tissue should not be punctured.

Handheld or Self-Retaining: Which Design Fits?

A handheld retractor offers continuous, adjustable control but occupies an assistant. A self-retaining retractor provides steady exposure and frees hands, but is less easily adjusted. It must also suit the wound's depth and shape. Many procedures use both designs.

How Much Exposure Is Required?

Selection depends on the width, depth, and direction of the required view. Wide incisions may need multiple blades pulling in several directions. A narrow approach may need one deep blade or a tubular retractor.

Do You Need a Complete System or Individual Instruments?

Some procedures require complete retractor systems; others need only individual handheld retractors. Systems may include a frame or ring, table post, clamps, arms, blades, and accessories. When ordering, confirm the included components and which blades are compatible with an existing frame. Request a quote for a complete retractor system.

How Should Reusable Retractors Be Maintained and Sterilized?

Reusable retractors should be handled, cleaned, inspected, sterilized, and stored according to the applicable manufacturer's instructions for use (IFU) and the healthcare facility's approved procedures. Proper maintenance and reprocessing are important.

General maintenance considerations include:

  • Clean instruments after use according to the applicable manufacturer's instructions.
  • Pay particular attention to joints, hinges, ratchets, locks, and other moving components.
  • Inspect retractors for visible contamination, corrosion, cracks, deformation, or mechanical damage.
  • Check that moving components function properly before returning instruments to service.
  • Ensure instruments are appropriately cleaned before sterilization.
  • Follow the manufacturer's specified sterilization method and parameters.
  • Allow processed instruments to dry appropriately before storage.
  • Store clean, processed instruments in a suitable environment that protects against contamination and damage.

Do not apply a universal sterilization cycle to every surgical retractor. Requirements vary with the instrument, material, design, and manufacturer's instructions.

For Retractor Maker products, follow the applicable product documentation and the healthcare facility's validated reprocessing procedures.

Download the full product catalogue for offline reference. Get the Retractor Maker catalogue.

For pricing and lead time, send our team the product name, quantity, and destination country. Enquiries can cover a specific surgical retractor, complete retractor system, replacement blade, or custom configuration. Contact Retractor Maker.

Clinical notice: This guide is for surgical teams and hospital buyers. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions for use (IFU) and your hospital's sterilization rules before clinical use.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a surgical retractor?

A surgical retractor holds back tissue, organs, or wound edges to provide access and visibility to the surgical field. Retraction can range from lifting a skin edge to holding the abdominal wall open throughout an operation.

What are retractors used for?

Retractors maintain or improve operative exposure by moving or holding tissue away from the area being accessed. They can widen an incision by displacing tissue laterally or hold deeper structures, such as bowel, muscle, or an organ lobe, away from the treatment area.

What are the main types of surgical retractors?

Retractors include handheld designs, self-retaining designs, and larger frame-based systems. Their designs vary with the intended application and required exposure. Handheld designs require manual holding, while self-retaining designs use a mechanism to maintain blade position without continuous manual support.

What is the difference between a handheld and self-retaining retractor?

A handheld retractor is positioned and held manually, while a self-retaining retractor maintains its position through a retaining mechanism. Manual holding allows continuous changes in angle, depth, and tension. Self-retaining designs free hands but usually need manual repositioning when the required view changes.

Are retractors reusable?

Many retractors are designed for reuse, but reusability and reprocessing requirements depend on the specific product. Follow the applicable manufacturer's IFU and healthcare facility procedures for handling, cleaning, inspection, sterilization, and storage rather than assuming all products have the same requirements.

How should retractors be sterilized?

Retractors should be cleaned and sterilized according to the applicable manufacturer's instructions and the healthcare facility's approved, validated reprocessing procedures. Do not assume one sterilization cycle applies to every retractor. Requirements can vary with material, design, and product-specific instructions.

Where can I find surgical retractor names and images?

Retractor Maker's surgical retractor catalogue is a product reference containing names, images, and product information across its range of surgical retractors. The table in this article includes the complete published catalogue, covering the products in that range.

How do I choose the right surgical retractor?

Choosing a surgical retractor depends on the intended surgical application, anatomical area, required exposure, design, dimensions, and other product-specific requirements. Qualified surgical professionals should determine which surgical retractor is appropriate for the intended application, considering these selection requirements.

What is a Deaver retractor used for?

A Deaver retractor is a curved handheld retractor used for deeper abdominal and thoracic exposure. The surgeon or an assistant positions and holds the Deaver retractor manually, adjusting its angle, depth, and tension as the operation progresses.

How does a Balfour retractor differ from a Bookwalter retractor?

A Balfour retractor is a frame-style abdominal retractor, while a Bookwalter retractor is a table-mounted system. The Balfour retractor has lateral blades and a centre blade. The Bookwalter retractor carries multiple adjustable blades around a ring or rail. Both are self-retaining retractors that maintain blade position without someone holding them continuously.

What should be checked when inspecting a reusable surgical retractor?

A reusable surgical retractor should be inspected for visible contamination, corrosion, cracks, deformation, and mechanical damage. Check moving components for proper function before returning the surgical retractor to service. During cleaning, pay particular attention to joints, hinges, ratchets, locks, and other moving parts.

About the author

Saad Shahid · Sales & Marketing Manager

Saad Shahid is the Sales & Marketing Manager and founder of Retractor Maker, started in 2023 in Sialkot, Pakistan. He also works with his father at Hospitech Traders, the family surgical instrument business founded in 1989.

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